Overview
Piles are swollen blood vessels in and around the anus. They are very common and often settle with diet changes. Persistent or troublesome piles can be treated with simple procedures.
Symptoms
- Bright red bleeding during or after passing stool
- A lump near the anus
- Itching or irritation
- Discomfort when sitting
When to see a doctor
Seek care promptly if you have:
- Heavy bleeding
- Black or tarry stools
- A change in bowel habit
- Unexplained weight loss
- New bleeding if you are over 40 — other causes need to be ruled out
Causes
- Straining during bowel movements
- Long-term constipation or diarrhoea
- Low-fibre diet
- Pregnancy
- Sitting for long periods
Risk factors
- Age
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
- Low fibre and fluid intake
Diagnosis
- Examination
- Proctoscopy
- Colonoscopy when other causes need to be excluded
Treatment
- High-fibre diet, fluids and stool softeners.
- Medicines to relieve symptoms.
- Rubber band ligation for some internal piles.
- Laser haemorrhoidoplasty or surgery for larger or persistent piles.
At MJ Shah Hospital: Bleeding or pain while passing stool is common and treatable. Many procedures are day-care. Piles, Fissure & Fistula Clinic →
Prevention
- Eat fibre — fruit, vegetables, whole grains
- Drink enough water
- Do not strain or sit on the toilet for long
FAQs
Is laser treatment for piles painless?
Many patients have less pain and a quicker recovery than with conventional surgery, though some discomfort is normal.
Can piles turn into cancer?
No. But bleeding from the back passage can have other causes, so it should be checked by a doctor.
Is it a day-care procedure?
Many piles procedures are day-care or need a short stay. Your surgeon will advise.
Medical review: pending — Dr. Mukesh J. Shah · Content prepared October 2026. This guide is general information and does not replace a consultation.